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TOOL PROFILE

Signal

A messaging service with end-to-end encrypted conversations; review phone-number visibility, usernames, backups and contact practices.

Published Oct 30, 2026Substantive update: Oct 31, 2026Privacy fit: PrivateResearch: research only
Best forPeople who want encrypted messages with other Signal users.
Plan typeFree
Open sourceYes
Research transparency

Product details checked on 2026-11-01.

Message protection and account choices

Signal states that its conversations and calls are end-to-end encrypted. This means message content is designed to be readable by the communicating endpoints, not the service provider. Security still depends on the devices, the recipient, and how you handle notifications, backups and account access. Verify safety numbers with a contact when the situation calls for it.

Signal’s phone-number privacy controls and optional usernames can change how someone finds or sees your number. A username can be shared to start a conversation, but Signal still requires a phone number to register. Review the current support article and choose settings based on how you want people to reach you.

Backups and recovery

Signal offers different backup and transfer options across platforms. Some backups are optional and protected by a recovery key; availability can differ by device and app version. Before replacing a phone, check current transfer instructions and keep any recovery key or passphrase private. If you lose access, understand which information can and cannot be restored.

Limits

Encryption protects content in transit between participating Signal clients; it does not prevent recipients from copying, photographing or sharing messages. It does not protect an unlocked or compromised device. This profile summarizes public documentation and is not a code audit or hands-on security test.

What it offers

  • End-to-end encrypted messaging
  • Mobile and desktop applications

Limitations

  • Both people generally need to use Signal to communicate through it.

Explore the official provider

Before deciding, review current product documentation, service terms and plan details.

Official website

Frequently asked questions

Can I use Signal without a phone number?

Signal’s current support documentation says a phone number is required to register, though usernames can be used to start connections without sharing the number.

Does end-to-end encryption stop recipients from sharing messages?

No. A recipient can copy, screenshot, photograph or otherwise share content they can view.

Sources and further reading

Review source dates and policies before acting; external pages may change.

  1. support.signal.org ↗
  2. support.signal.org ↗
  3. support.signal.org ↗